Issue 03 · Jan 2026
#01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07
Urban Transport · The Data

Urban Kill Rate: Per Vehicle, Per Km, Per Victim

1.19 million road deaths per year. 53% are vulnerable road users. SUV market share: 48%. Helsinki: zero deaths in 12 months. The numbers that flip the safety narrative.

1.19M
road deaths per year
Global total. Down from 1.35M (2018). Still: 3,200+ deaths per day. WHO 2023.
53%
vulnerable road users
Pedestrians 23%. Motorcyclists 21%. Cyclists 6%. Micro-mobility 3%. WHO 2023.
70%
of EU urban deaths
Pedestrians, cyclists, powered two-wheelers. ETSC/European Commission 2024.
48%
SUV market share EU
Up from 10% in 2010. +300 kg = +23% pedestrian death risk. ICCT 2024/25.
Risk to Self: Deaths Per Km by Mode (Rider/Occupant)
Motorcycle (EU)
20–28x car baseline
20–28x
Cycling / Walking
7–9x
7–9x
Car (baseline)
1x
1x
Bus
 
~0.1x
Rail
 
~0.04x
Risk to Others: Third-Party Deaths Per Billion Vehicle-Km
Buses
19.18
19.18
Lorries
17.07
17.07
Motorcycles
7.63
7.63
Cars / Taxis
3.25
3.25
Vans
2.59
2.59
Cycles
1.09
1.09

Source: PMC7848050, Journal of Transport & Health (2021). English road fatality data 2005–2015.

Speed vs Pedestrian Survival
The exponential relationship between impact speed and death.
30 km/h
Urban residential zone
survival
~90%
pedestrian survives
50 km/h
Standard urban limit
survival
~50%
coin flip
80 km/h
Suburban arterial
survival
~10%
almost certain death
The Weight Arms Race
Cars are getting heavier. Pedestrians are paying the price.
2000
Average car weight (EU)
weight
1,186 kg
baseline
2021
Average car weight (EU)
+30%
1,521 kg
heavier
2023
New cars tested (avg)
+64%
1,947 kg
approaching 2 tonnes
SUV share
EU new registrations
growth
10% → 48%
2010 to 2023
The Proof: What Works

Helsinki · Zero Deaths

Jul 2024 – Jul 2025: 0 road fatalities
50%+ streets at 30 km/h Elevated crosswalks Separated bike lanes Reliable public transit

Not with better cars. With slower speeds and better streets. The technology that saved lives was not airbags. It was urban design.

Brussels · 30 km/h City

Implemented January 1, 2021
2021: 50% fewer deaths
Cycling +20%
Noise down
Fatalities: 11 (2020) → 5 (2021) Accidents at lowest since 2010

Note: 2024 saw an increase to 11 fatalities (mostly pedestrians). Progress is not guaranteed.

“An advanced city is not one where the poor own a car, but one where the rich use public transport.”
— Enrique Peñalosa

Motorcyclists die more per km. But cars kill more people in total. The five-star safety cage protects you—not them. The difference between 90% survival and 50% survival is a speed sign. Helsinki proved that zero is possible. The question is not whether your car is safe. The question is: safe for whom?

WHO Global Status Report on Road Safety 2023 · European Commission Road Safety 2024 · PMC7848050 (ORU fatality rates, 2021) · IIHS SUV pedestrian study · FIA Foundation · ETSC · ICCT European Vehicle Market Statistics 2024/25 · AAA Foundation · Helsinki City · Eurocities · NHTSA